Ingrain carpet fabric.



Patented Apr. 30, I90l` No. 673,059. f

T. F. & A. NAYLon. INGRAIN CARPET FABRIC.

!App1ca.tion fled. Sept. 4, 1900.)

(No Model.)

FIGZ.

UNITED STATES THOMAS FOX -NAYLOR AND PATENT OFFICE'.

ARTHUR NAYLOR, OF KIDDERMINSTER,

ENGLAND.

INGRAINCARPET FABRIC.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 673,059, dated April 30, 190.1.

Application filed September 4, 1900.

To a/ZZ whom t may concern.-

Beit known that we, THOMAS FOX NAYLOE and ARTHUR NAYLOR, subjects of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Kidderminster, in the county of Worcester, England, (whose postoffice address is Green rstreet,) have invented certain new and useful improvements in Kidderminster, Scotch,- or In grain Carpet Fabrics, (for which we have [o applied for British Letters Patent, dat-ed July 2, 1900, and numbered 11,930,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of Kidderminster, Scotch, or

ingrain carpet fabrics, the objects being to remove a certain drawback found to arise in manufacturing some former improvements of ours in the aforesaid class of carpet fabrics and to obtain better results. The said former 2o improvements are described in the specification to United States Patent No. 649,107, dated May S, 1900, and British Letters Patent No. 19,379, dated September 12, 1898, and upon which the present invention is an imz 5 provement.

In the aforesaid specification to United States Patent No. 649,107, of1900, carpet fabrics were described as having a black stufferwarp B running longitudinally through the 3o fabric, with top and'bottom plies of weft built upon it in such a Way as to give certain combinations of color effect, due to the colors of the respective Wefts, in addition to which the black stuEer-Warp was exposed to view at intervals, thus giving an additional color effect in combination with that produced by the wefts. Consequently although a reduced number of wefts was used a comparatively large number of colors was available to the 4o designer of the carpet-pattern.

while warp E lifted once-while the wefts were similarly worked to place two Wefts on one side of the dead or stuffer warp and one on the other suited fairly well in those designs wherein the changes were not of an ex- 5o treme character; but in other designs, wherein the changes were of anextreme character, the

Serial No. 28,971. (No specimens.)

result was an unequal take-up of the binderwarp and therefore a certain looseness in the fabric. By the present invention the aforesaid difflculty is avoided by introducinga selfcompensating action of the binding-warps, so that instead of a movement of warps to correspond with the rotation of the .Wefts, as before, We nd that by producing a diverse order of lifting the warps, combined with the same rotation of wefts as hitherto, an absolutely equal take-up of the binder-warps is effected, and consequently permits of one beam being used for the said binder-warps.

In the further description of this invention reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a carpet fabric, showing diagram matically the arrangement of the wefts, the binding-Warps, and the stuifer-warp. Fig. 2 is a realistic longitudinal section of a fabric as bringing the parts closely together, the binding-Warps being omitted, as they are supposed. to be drawn down into the wefts and the dead-warps. Fig. 3 is a diagram similar to Fig. 1, but with the dead-warp omitted for the sake of clearness and a different proportion of the digital spacing. It shows very clearly the regular take-up or bind of the binding-warps.

In the figures a black stuffer or dead warp B is shown, and built upon it in the manner hereinafter described are top and bottom plies or planes of weft, the shots of weft of different colors (respectively indicated by the letters a, b, and c) being arranged in various positions, according to the design or pattern of the fabric.

The letters D and E indicate the binding' warps, which may either be worked by the jacquard or harness or be operated by heddles or gears and their ordinary driving-gear. The operation would be to lift the warp D and the warp E regularly and oppositely all through the fabric and not irregularly by lifting D twice'to the lifting of E once, as de- A scribed in the specification No. 19,879 of 1898, before mentioned. Consequently whatever may be the character of or change in the design of the fabric, with the corresponding irregular or fluctuating position of the respective weft-threads, We' obtain by this invention IOO a self-compensating regular take-off of the two binder-warps, as well as a fabric which feels softer and fuller in handling it than as woven previously,and irrespective of whether the binder-Warp threads were drawn off from one warp-beam or two, as was sometimes done on account of the unequal take olf. The self-compensating bind applies to each cycle of two rotations or sets of weft-as, for instance, in the rst set the warp D is taken up more than the warp E, while in the second set of weft the warp E is taken up more than D to the same eXtent-so that the double irregularity of drawing o from the beam for every two sets being equal and alternate becomes automatically compensating throughout the fabric.

In Fig. l the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 between short vertical lines indicate that number of short lengths of the fabric to show various combinations of the weft on the surfaces of the carpet, those spaces above or below the stuer-warp B not occupied by the respective wefts a, b, and c showing the color effect of the said staffer-warp at those points. In the first space between the short vertical lines (indicated by the digit l) the weft-shots a and c are brought side by side twice to the face or upper surface of the fabric. In the space marked 2 the wefts a and b are also brought twice to the face. In the space marked 3 the wefts b and c are similarly brought to the surface, while the remaining weft-threads Z9, c, and d are respectivelyshot beneath the stnffer-warp B, as shown in the figure. Within the space marked 4. the weft a and the uncovered portion of the stufferwarp B show twice on the upper surface, while the other two wefts b and c are twice shot below'the stuer-warp, as shown. In the space 5 the weft b and the uncovered stuifer-warp are similarly shown twice on the surface of the fabric, with the remaining wefts a c twice at the bottom, and in the space 6 the remaining weft c of the series and uncovered stulfer-warp B are twice exposed on the top,wl1ile the wefts d l) are twice brought to the bottom surface, as shown. The binding-warp D is worked, for example, over the wefts a and c and under b, while in the next repeat the reverse arrangement takes place. The opposite arrangement is shown with repect to the binding-warp E, for where the warp D is worked over the wefts d and c and under b the warp E is worked under a and c and over b and reversely in the next repeat, and so on, irrespective of whether any particular weft should be placed over or under the stuer-warp in following the design.

It will be seen that if the three weft-threads and the stuer-warp are of dierent colors a rich combination of color eifect is available for the designer, which is produced by the minimum number of wefts,as described in the aforesaid specification. Furthermore, it will be seen by Fig. l that while the warp-thread E (shown by dotted lines) is worked over the wefts to bind them in place,whether they are arranged in rotation in sets of two on one side of the stuEer-warp or singly on the other side, the other warp-thread D (shown by a continuous line) is similarly but oppositely worked, so that their respective lengths are the same and the takeoff equal in each set, thus compensating for the former irregularity of the bind, as before mentioned.

In Fig. 2 the binding-warps are omitted, as they are supposed to be drawn tight and partly buried in the softness of the wefts and stulfer- Warp, thus showing in a more realistic manner the appearance of the fabric and the swelling up of the stuer-warp where it is exposed to' View and not diagrammatically, as in the other figures.

In Fig. 3 the stuer or dead warp is omitted for clearness and a different arrangement of the spaces marked by the digits shown. Otherwise it is the same as Fig. 1, as previ ously described.

What We claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

The herein-described improvements in Kidderminster, Scotch, and ingrain carpets, consisting of a carpet fabric of four colors woven in sets of three weft-threads of diverse colors in two planes of weft material with a stuiferwarp B of another color between said planes, such fabric having one weft-thread guided to the top surface and two weft-threads to the bottom side by side in each set, or reversely two weft-threads side by side to the top and one weft-thread to the bottom in each set, in accordance with the pattern or design, the said warp B showing its color effect beside the single weft-thread in the set, combined with two binding-warps D and E each worked regularly and oppositely with the other all through the fabric so as to be self-compensating as to the bind, substantially as specified and shown in the drawings.

In witn ess whereof we have hereunto signed our names in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

THOMAS FOX NAYLOR. ARTHUR NAYLOR. Witnesses:

HARRY COATES, CHARLES EDWARD ToLsoN.

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